Informatics Publishing Limited

Subrata Trivedi ¹, Sankar K. Ghosh ², Amalesh Choudhury ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Ministry of Higher Education, SA
2 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, IN
3 S. D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Sagar Island 743373, Sunderbans, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Genomic DNA of COI region of an Oyster, Saccostrea cucullata, collected from Indian Sunderbans was extracted and amplified through PCR, which produced 678 by PCR amplicon. The purified PCR product was sequenced using automated DNA Sequencer (ABI 7300) and deposited to NCBI with accession number FJ 262984.

Keywords

Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI), DNA Barcode, Sunderbans, Saccostrea cucullata.

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Kunal Sarkar ¹, Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya ², Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ¹, Subrata Trivedi ¹, Sudeshna Ghoshal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

The Study Evaluated the Effect of Feeding of Different Maturity Level of Mulberry Leaves, I.e., Tender, Medium, Mix and Mature Leaves on the Commercial Characteristics of Crossbreed (N×NB₄D₂) during Dry Summer in West Bengal. the Data Obtained during the Study was Compared with those of Control where Conventional Leaf Feeding Method was Followed. most of the Larval and Cocoon Characters, Viz., Larval Weight, Effective Rate of Rearing, Cocoon Weight, Shell Weight and Shell Ratio Percentage, Etc., were Recorded Significantly Higher in Tender Leaves Fed Batches Followed by Medium Leaves Fed Batches. Significantly Higher Post Cocoon Parameters, Viz., Average Filament Length, Nonbreakable Filament Length, Renditta and Raw Silk Recovery Percentage, Etc., were Recorded in Tender Leaf Fed Batches. Qualitative Analysis of Leaves also Suggested that Tender Leaves are more Nutritious than other Maturity Level of Leaves. Mature Leaves Fed Batch Showed Inferior Performance in Terms of all the Characters. the Present Experiment also Revealed that 20% of Tender Leaves can be Saved Particularly in Dry Summer, which are Generally Clipped by Sericultural Farmers in West Bengal in Late Larval Instar before Providing Mulberry Shoots to Silkworm Larvae.

Keywords

Mulberry Leaves, Maturity Level, Cocoon Characters, Reeling Characters.

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Kunal Sarkar ¹, Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya ², Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ¹, Subrata Trivedi ¹, Sudeshna Ghoshal ¹, Vinod B. Mathur ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, IN
3 Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Present investigation indicates that feeding larvae with Mulberry leaves which were water dipped and dried for entire larval instar (T2) and in late larval instar (T4) gave better performance than control in respect of most of the larval and cocoon characters. But feeding larvae with leaves immediately water dipped for entire larval instar (T₁) and in late larval instar (T3) showed inferior results in terms of all commercial characters in wet summer. This investigation suggests that leaves with high moisture content are not harmful for silkworm larvae at any season but water in the surface of leaves may be harmful for them. So it is important to feed silkworm larvae by just shaking the water from surface of the leaves or by drying the leaves for few minutes particularly during rainy season when the leaves are wetted due to rain. Investigation also reveals that if the wet leaves are dried for some time, it helps to increase the moisture percentage of leaves. Then it is also helpful to improve the cocoon characters.

Keywords

Water Treated Mulberry Leaves, Cocoon Characters, Reeling Characters.

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Subrata Trivedi ¹, Kunal Sarkar ¹, Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ¹, Gopinath Baur ¹, Manmatha Mandal ¹, Somdip Majumdar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Of all factors that govern productivity in sericulture, the role of silkworm egg is of prime importance. It is the sheet anchor of sericulture industry. Timely supply of appropriate quality and adequate quantity of disease free silkworm eggs to the sericulturists is crucial for successful harvest of cocoon crops. Silk moths have a tendency to pair immediately after emergence from cocoons. The present study indicates that in case of N×M₁₂W, N×NB₄D₂ and N×YB crossbreeds at least 95%-99% fertilized eggs can be procured by using a single male moth for 4 times in crossing. So, if male moths are used 4 times during multiple crossing it would not affect the fertility of eggs. The present investigation also reveals that total fecundity almost remained same with control when male moths were even used for seven times in crossing. This suggests that that a single male moth can be used for four times by giving them sufficient rest in crossing with female moth and in this way a grainure can save considerable cost and hazards during the purchasing of seed cocoons of male components.

Keywords

Bombyx mori, Multiple Crossing, Silkworm Eggs, Fecundity, Fertilized and Unfertilized Eggs.

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Kunal Sarkar ¹, Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya ², Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ¹, Subrata Trivedi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

In West Bengal rearing season of Mulberry is divided mainly in two parts, i.e., favourable season (November to April) and unfavourable season (May to October). Mulberry crop span is 70 days. So five harvests as well as five rearings can be done in a year. November crop (winter or Agrahani), February crop (spring or Falguni) and April crop (summer or Baishakhi) come under favourable season (dry summer) whereas June-July crop (rainy or Shrabani) and August-September crop (autumn or Aswina) come under unfavourable season (wet summer). A study was conducted from November, 2003 to November 2006 to evaluate the performance of multivoltine hybrid Nistari × M₁₂ (W) and cross breed Nistari × NB₄D₂ of Bombyx mori during favourable and unfavourable seasons. The study revealed that during favourable season performance of cross breed Nistari × NB₄D₂ is better but during unfavourable season Effective Rate of Rearing is very less and melting percentage is considerably higher in case of Nistari × NB₄D₂ batch as compared to Nistari × M₁₂ (W) batch.

Keywords

Nistari × NB₄D₂, Nistari × M₁₂ (W), Rearing Season.

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Kunal Sarkar ¹, Subrata Trivedi ¹, Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya ², Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

In India sericulture is mainly confined to its tropical belt. This country has a number of polyvoltine races which are in use for a long time and considered indigenous. Though these indigenous races are poor silk yielder but still these are very popular due to their tremendous ability to survive under extreme tropical conditions. Besides that, some bivoltine breeds are also evolved throughout the country due to some sincere efforts of our silkworm breeders. Here an effort is made to study the major silk worm races of our country.

Keywords

Silkworm Races, Multivoltine Race, Bivoltine Race.

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Subrata Trivedi ¹, Kunal Sarkar ², Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya ², Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ², Sudeshna Ghoshal ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted on number, length and the pattern of pubescence in different maturity level of leaves in different improved mulberry varieties i.e., S₁, S₁₆₃₅ and also in a local variety which are commonly cultivated in various parts of West Bengal. The study reveals that density of pubescence is more in tender leaves, but the pubescence in tender leaves is immature in stage. Tip of pubescence is blunt in case of tender leaves. Length of pubescence is increased and tip of pubescence is sharp and pointed in case of mature leaf. Length of pubescence is less in S₁₆₃₅ variety in all types of leaves as compared to that the local and S₁ varieties. But in case of local variety pubescence is longest. Tip of pubescence is found more sharp in case of local variety and less sharp in case of S₁₆₃₅ variety. This result indicates that among these three varieties insects prefer to feed S₁₆₃₅ variety in terms of pubescence study. On the other hand, due to presence of immature and blunt type of pubescence, tender leaves are more favourable and palatable for silkworm larvae.

Keywords

Pubescence, Maturity Level of Leaves, Mulberry Varieties.

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Kunal Sarkar ¹, S. K. Chattopadhyay ¹, G. Baur ¹, Subrata Trivedi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Sericulture is an age old industry in West Bengal. At present mulberry is cultivated in 33560 acres of land and 107000 families are engaged in mulberry sericulture. Estimated mulberry raw silk production during 2004-2005 was 1520 MT (10.39% of total mulberry raw silk production in India). But still a heavy decline in sericulture is seen in West Bengal. In 1997-1998 mulberry was cultivated in 53,395 acres (21358 ha) of land but it is now reduced to merely 33560 acres of land. There are several factors behind that downfall of sericulture in this state. Lack of adoption of improved sericultural practices may one of them. Hence, in the above context it is worthwhile to conduct research studies in two major traditional districts of West Bengal i.e., Malda and Murshidabad. The present study was conducted in the Nabagram Block of Murshidabad district and Kaliachawk Block-2 of Malda district to assess farmers' knowledge and their adoption level in respect of recommended sericulture practices so that field extension workers could develop appropriate educational approaches to upgrade their adoption level for increasing the cocoon yields, thus aiding in generation of higher income and employment among the rural mass. The findings of the present study indicated that only 50% of big farmers and 25% of small farmers had planted improved variety of Mulberry and followed recommended spacing and recommended system of planting. The present study also reveals that farmers have very low level of knowledge with respect to work spacing, number of feeds, types of leaves to be fed to different instars, leaves preservation methods, number of bed cleanings, temperature manipulation measures and prevention measures for various silkworm diseases. In general, irrespective of the category, sericultural farmers are not applying recommended dosage of fertilizers to mulberry crop.

Keywords

Sericulture, Traditional District, Recommended Practices.

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Subrata Trivedi ¹, Sankar K. Ghosh ², Amalesh Choudhury ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biology, University of Tabuk (Under Ministry of Higher Education), SA
2 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, IN
3 S. D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Sagar Island 743373, Sunderbans, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

COI region of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, collected from Indian part of Sunderbans has been amplified. PCR with extracted DNA produced 642 bp PCR amplicon. The DNA sequence has been deposited to NCBI with accession number FJI71913.

Keywords

Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI), DNA Barcode, Sunderbans, Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

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Kunal Sarkar ¹, S. K. Chattopadhyay ¹, Subrata Trivedi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

West Bengal experiences severe hot, humid summer and rainy season with higher precipitation rate, which makes the management of silkworm rearing very difficult. As a result, farmers of West Bengal fetch poor return owing to low productivity of cocoons. In this context it is important to manage silkworm rearing properly. In order to manage a profitable silkworm rearing it is indispensable to make proper planning prior to the initiation of silkworm rearing, management during the rearing of young age silkworms, late age silkworms and mounting and harvesting cocoons.

Keywords

Silkworm Rearing, Young Age Rearing, Late Age Rearing, Mounting, Harvesting.

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Sagnik Kumar Ganguly ¹, Arindam Chakraborty ², Gopinath Baur ³, Sanat Roy ³, Subrata Trivedi ³, Kunal Sarkar ³

Affiliations
1 1 Debitala lane, Ichapur, 24-Parganas (N), West Bengal 743144, IN
2 Department of Serculture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, West Bengal, IN
3 Post Graduate Department of Serculture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Total Hemocyte Count in spinning silkworm, Bombyx mori L. was studied using four popular multivoltine races of India. Hemocytic concentration of larva was gradually decreased in every spinning day then again increased with pupal maturity. It was a common character for all the four races in the larva to pupa transition stage. Spherulocyte abundance and prohemocyte absence are other general features in the pre-pupal stage in these four races. It is shown that spherulocytes are derived from granulocytes.

Keywords

Hemocyte, Pre-Pupal Stage, Bombyx mori.

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Sagnik Kumar Ganguly ¹, Arindam Chakraborty ², Gopinath Baur ², Susanta Kumar Chattopadhyay ², Subrata Trivedi ², Sudeshna Ghoshal ²

Affiliations
1 1 Debitala Lane, Ichapur, 24-Parganas (N), W. Bengal PIN- 74314, IN
2 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Comparative cellular immune responses between commercially exploited bivoltine and multivoltine races have been studied. Worms of different races are inoculated with pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus vitulinus. Total Haemocyte Count (THC) at each post-inoculation period has been noted and compared with control groups. Bivoltines have more hemocytic concentration than that of any multivoltine races. A common behavior is observed for all races after inoculation of pathogen. The hemocyte population decreases in Ist hour, increases in 2^nd hour and again decreases in 3^rd hour. In second experiment, a multivoltine race, M₁₂W was selected and was injected with saline having silica, indigo and carbon particles and with particle free saline (0.67% NaCl). But results similar to those of the first experiment were found indicating that pathogenicity is not the cause of first 3 hours, down-up-down sequence of THC in inoculated worms.

Keywords

Total Haemocyte Count, Pathogen, Bivoltine and Multivoltine Silkworms.

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Subrata Trivedi ¹, Gopinath Baur ¹, Somdip Majumdar ¹, Alak Ranjan Goswami ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sericulture, Krishnath College, Berhampore, Murshidabad-742101, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Mulberry is the host of the pathogens of different parasitic diseases. In West Bengal three fungal foliar diseases, viz., Powdery mildew, Leaf spot and Leaf rust, one fungal Root Rot, one bacterial Leaf blight and one nematode infected Root knot (in some restricted places of West Bengal) are common. They may cross economic threshold level every year and cause total 25-30% crop loss on an average. These diseases, their symptoms, causal organisms, occurrence and control measures have been discussed.

Keywords

Mulberry, Diseases, West Bengal.

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Subrata Trivedi ¹, Sankar K. Ghosh ², Amalesh Choudhury ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Ministry of Higher Education, SA
2 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, IN
3 S. D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Sagar Island 743373, Sunderbans, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA of COI region of an oyster, Crassostrea cuttakensis, collected from Indian Sunderbans has been amplified. PCR with extracted DNA produced 675 bp PCR amplicon. The DNA sequence has been deposited to NCBI with accession number FJ 262988.

Keywords

Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI), Dna Barcode, Sunderbans, Crassostrea Cuttakensis.

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Sana Ahmed ¹, Subrata Trivedi ², Nabonita Pal ¹, Prosenjit Pramanick ¹, Sufia Zaman ¹, Abhijit Mitra ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Oceanography, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM 4 Salt Lake, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India., IN
2 School of Health and Applied Sciences, Apex Professional University, NH-52, Pasighat Smart City, PIN-791102, Arunachal Pradesh, India., IN
3 Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 B.C. Road, Kolkata-700019, India., IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out during February, 2022 to assess the role played by the major urban floral species in lowering the level of near-surface atmospheric carbon dioxide at five selected sampling stations in the megacity of Kolkata. Seventeen dominant tree species common in the five sampling sites were surveyed, out of which the highest and the lowest mean value of Above Ground Stem Biomass (AGSB) was exhibited by Eucalyptus globus and Alstonia scholaris respectively. The mean Above Ground Stem Carbon (AGSC) also exhibited similar trend with highest value of 2641.03 tha ^-1 by Eucalyptus globusand lowest value of 53.95 tha ^-1 by Alstonia scholaris. The soil pH at the sampling sites ranged between 4.9 to 6.2 and the Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) ranged from 0.52 to 1.29%. The near-surface atmospheric CO₂ level showed the highest value of 418 ppm (at Moulali) and the lowest value of 403 ppm (at Park Circus). The study highlights the potential of urban trees to store carbon in the form of biomass. This can be an effective roadmap to underscore the rising trend of carbon dioxide in the near-surface atmosphere of the city.

Keywords

Atmospheric CO₂, Urban Floral Species, Tree Biomass, Stored Carbon.

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